TRUTH IN THE REAL WORLD—THE JFK ASSASSINATION

The JFK case is not so different epistemologically from most business cases. Here is a passage from my book Business Voyages, a business bible for people who want to do the right thing for all people, embarking on page 98:

"A relevant question is what is business knowledge and how much of it can anyone gain, learn, acquire, develop, or discover? A more fundamental question is what is knowledge period? How do you know if you really know something? What are the differences between knowing, feeling, thinking, believing, hoping, and guessing? Knowing about knowing is the responsibility of professional philosophers. One of the best, Emmanuel Kant, pointed out in his A Critique of Pure Reason (1781) there are two basic types of knowledge: a priori or certain knowledge that is provably true based on deductive logic in the absence of empirical facts, and a posteriori or uncertain knowledge that is not provably true based on deductive logic that is only true as a matter of probability based on the observation of empirical facts. Most business knowledge is a posteriori knowledge. Business knowledge of the real world is almost never certain and is true only as a matter of probability. The more expert the observer the truer his judgments, estimations, propositions, decisions, and the like become, but no one ever knows “for sure” about the real business world as a whole as it exists at a particular point in time."

The JFK case is less truthful than most business cases because the CIA, the FBI and the Warren Commission at President Lyndon Johnson’s insistence changed and suppressed facts to create a unanimous vote among commission members that Lee Harvey Oswald did it alone. Johnson told them if they allowed all the facts of the JFK case to become public in 1963 it could cause World War III and the deaths of 40 million people, according to Jim DIEugenio in his article “Where New JFK Evidence Points,” published November 19, 2013 at Consortium News, at http://consortiumnews.com/.../where-new-jfk-evidence-points/.

We do not “know” if JFK was killed by a lone nut or a conspiracy, however probable it seems he was killed by a conspiracy of some sort; but we know for a fact it is probable he was killed by a conspiracy.

Mainstream media are lying or sadly mistaken if they assert with certainty JFK was killed by Lee Harvey Oswald alone, whitewashing the sordidness of the whole affair to improve their ratings, distorting the truth of the matter in the minds of millions.

Given that probabilities range from zero (0) to one (1), in my opinion the probability JFK was killed by a conspiracy of some sort is as high as .80, whereas the probability Oswald did it alone is no higher than .30.

For ramifications see Business Voyages: Mental Maps, Scripts, Schemata and Tools for Discovering and Co-Constructing Your Own Business worlds at http://www.amazon.com/B.../dp/1413480810/ref=sr_1_fkmr1_1....

Richard John Stapleton is an emeritus professor of business policy, ethics and entrepreneurship who writes on business and politics at www.effectivelearning.net and on Facebook at https://www.facebook.com/richard.st....